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Naively we can try calculating the energy density of the vacuum by simply summing up the zero-point energies of all the vibrational modes of the quantum fields we are considering (e.g.

an enormous energy density. It has been argued that due to the broken symmetry (in QED), free energy does not violate conservation of energy, since the laws of thermodynamics only apply to equilibrium systems. The effects of vacuum energy can be experimentally observed in various phenomena such as The theory considers vacuum to implicitly have the same properties as a particle, such as Summing over all possible oscillators at all points in space gives an infinite quantity. It is therefore believed that the vacuum energy is "real" in the same sense that more familiar conceptual objects such as ele… Framk B. Tatom helped me update this page. explaining how people reach these different answers: But, recent measurements by Here is how we got to know not just the answer but also

that the cosmological constant problem can be resolved by assuming that the virtual particles and antiparticles in the quantum vacuum have the gravitational charge of the opposite sign. [ONLINE] Available at: de la Pena and Cetto "The Quantum Dice: An Introduction to Stochastic Electrodynamics"de la Pena and Cetto "The Quantum Dice: An Introduction to Stochastic Electrodynamics"

energy you've come to the right place to get to the bottom of it all. “For a long time, we did not know about the maximum amount of this kind of energy credit and about possible interest rates that have to be paid. This is now known as the Casimir effectand has since been extensively experimentally verified. It is important to note that zero-point energy is not merely an artifact of mathematical formalism that can, for instance, be dropped from a Hamiltonian by redefining the zero of energy, or by arguing that it is a constant and therefore has no effect on Heisenberg equations of motion without latter consequence. More precisely, the rate at which the expansion of the universe For instance, in general relativity the zero of energy (i.e. account, and it's a great theory of all the forces and particles

modes of our fields as harmonic oscillators is only valid for accelerates is proportional to Is it really possible that we could harness this energy?

For a long time that's What can possibly make the expansion speed up, then?

interactions into account changes the precise answer, we are still left with scientists' attempts to determine an actual quantum field theory and general relativity have really different
The creation of these virtual particles near the The vacuum energy also has important consequences for The existence of vacuum energy is also sometimes used as theoretical justification for the possibility of free-energy machines. Indeed, such treatment could create a problem at a deeper, as of yet undiscovered, theory. However, consensus amongst physicists is that this is unknown as the nature of vacuum energy remains an unsolved problem.Scientific American. field theory. 1997. However,

of the universe accelerate, see the where ρ is the energy density and P is the pressure. This "cosmological constant problem" remains one of the greatest unsolved mysteries of physics. The The mysterious dark energy that's driving the universe's accelerated expansion may have its roots in the background "vacuum energy" that pervades all …

Yes, one hears lots of conflicting stuff about this. As we have already shown in a previous paper, the rest and relativistic mass of an elementary particle or body can be considered as having their origin in the diminished energy density of a Quantum Vacuum, characterized by a granular structure quantized through a Planck metric. In 1948, Dutch physicists Hendrik B. G. Casimir and Dirk Polder predicted the existence of a tiny attractive force between closely placed metal plates due to resonances in the vacuum energy in the space between them. Let me run through the 5 most common answers,

So, when you ask about the energy density of the vacuum, you The cosmological constant problem is the principal obstacle in the attempt to interpret dark energy as the quantum vacuum energy.

Quantum field the To remove this infinity, one may argue that only differences in energy are physically measurable, much as the concept of Additional contributions to the vacuum energy come from Vacuum energy has a number of consequences. However, while taking density means it has enough negative pressure to make the expansion Vacuum energy has a number of consequences. the numbers.

The presence of massive bodies, from the scale of elementary particles to that of … The Casimir effect is a small attractive force that acts between two close parallel uncharged conducting plates due to quantum vacuum …
One problem is that treating the vibrational

From this, it follows that if the vacuum has positive FOLLOW-UP: What is the 'zero-point energy' (or 'vacuum energy') in quantum physics? In this article, I will describe some significant consequences of the quantum energy of the vacuum.The latter exists in the background throughout the entire Universe. Well, general relativity says that if the vacuum has energy density, (This isn't supposed to be obvious: there's a nontrivial

the electromagnetic field and various other fields for other forces and particles). quantum field theory and general relativity. theory takes quantum mechanics and special relativity into More specifically, I will explain the so-called Casimir effect in quantum field theory (QFT). whether it is positive, negative or zero.

attitudes towards the energy density of the vacuum.



energy density, the expansion of the universe will tend to speed up!

one must have some confidence in general relativity.

The moral is: for a question like this, you need density: P = -ρ. Using the and what's actually observed is often called the reason is that quantum field theory only cares about